Cement
Modern Portland cement is made by mixing substances containing lime, silica, alumina, and iron oxide and then heating the mixture until it almost fuses. During the heating process dicalcium and tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and a solid solution containing iron are formed. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), a standard technique across the cement industry, is used to determine metal-oxide concentrations and oxide stoichiometry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) provides quantitative analysis of free lime in clinker, which is critical to the production process. Kiln parameters are monitored, and adjusted continuously, based on XRD and XRF analytical results. Rigaku technology and know-how provide a number of unique solutions for these measurements.
XRF
- Inverted optics for analysis for pressed pellets or fusions: ZSX Primus II
- Inclusion analysis: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II
- Homogeneity testing with ratio mapping: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II
- Formula calculations: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II, Simultix 14
- Ratios of distribution: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II, Simultix 14
- C114 accreditation: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II, Simultix 14
- Analysis without standards: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II, Simultix 12
- Automation: ZSX Primus, ZSX Primus II, Simultix 14
XRD