Recycling has become a term that cannot be ignored in the industrial world. Recycling is roughly classified into (1) “re-use”, utilizing something again for the same purpose, (2) “material recycling”, returning something into the original material for subsequent use, (3) "chemical recycling”, changing something into another material for subsequent use, and (4) “thermal recycling”, using something for thermal energy. New technologies utilizing fly ash of urban refuse as cement material (chemical recycling) and converting urban refuse into solid fuel (thermal recycling) have attracted a lot of attention.

In X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, it is possible to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis with easy sample preparation, without dissolving samples. Therefore, XRF is widely used for industrial process and quality control. In addition, evolution of the fundamental parameter method (FP method) has improved performance of the semi-quantitative analysis program ("SQX" analysis), where it is possible to calculate quantitative values based on the results of qualitative analysis without calibration standards.