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Polymorphs

Polymorphs

Quantitative analysis of crystalline forms

Identification of polymorphs in pharmaceutical products is a leading X-ray diffraction (XRD) application. The detection and quantification of polymorphic contamination is used to improve production efficiency and cost. In the study of different polycrystalline structures, within a drug compound, one polymorph is distinguished from another by a unique powder diffraction pattern associated with that specific crystal structure. Phase analysis can be restricted to qualitative identification only or can be extended to a full quantitative analysis. The analysis is applicable to polymorphs or to multi-component formulations. A special case of this type of analysis is "percentage crystallinity," where the volume percentage crystalline active ingredient to an amorphous filler is measured within a dosage formulation. X-ray diffraction analysis is also employed to study dosage formulations, under a variety of environmental conditions and over time, to characterize the formation of any polymorphs that could adversely affect performance and toxicity.

Graphite and diamond are considered to be polymorphs, which means they are identical in the chemical aspect, but very different when it comes to crystal structure.

Rigaku recommends the following systems:


Single crystal

A benchtop single crystal X-ray diffractometer with the latest technology HPC X-ray detector, ideal for self-service crystallography.

Fast, flexible single crystal X-ray diffractometer with the latest generation sources and HPC X-ray detectors, perfect for any crystallography lab

Versatile and high-flux dual-wavelength (DW) X-ray diffractometer with HPC X-ray detector for multipurpose diffraction experiments

An upgradeable single crystal X-ray diffractometer for structural analysis of small molecule samples

Single crystal X-ray diffractometer with custom enclosure and flexibility for easy integration of accessory components

Protein

Fast, flexible single crystal X-ray diffractometer with the latest generation sources and HPC X-ray detectors, perfect for any crystallography lab

Versatile and high-flux dual-wavelength (DW) X-ray diffractometer with HPC X-ray detector for multipurpose diffraction experiments

Small Molecule

User-inspired data collection and data processing software for small molecule and protein crystallography

XRD

New 6th-generation general purpose benchtop XRD system for phase i.d and phase quantification

Advanced state-of-the-art high-resolution XRD system powered by Guidance expert system software

Highly versatile multipurpose X-ray diffractometer with built-in intelligent guidance

Detectors

Compact, highly sensitive X-ray detector for single crystal applications